Below is a clear and organized list of the main chapters, topics, and practical subjects that every electrical student must learn—whether in ITI, Diploma, Polytechnic, or B.Tech.

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🟦 1. Basic Electrical Concepts

• What is Electricity?
• Charge, Current, Voltage, Resistance
• Conductors, Insulators, Semiconductors
• AC vs DC
• Power & Energy (P = VI)
• Ohm’s Law
• Series & Parallel Circuits

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🟦 2. Electrical Components

• Switch
• Fuse
• MCB / MCCB
• RCCB / RCD
• Earthing
• Relays
• Contactors
• Transformer basics
• Circuit breakers

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🟦 3. Electrical Measurements

• Ammeter
• Voltmeter
• Multimeter
• Wattmeter
• CRO basics (optional)
• Measuring AC/DC quantities

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🟦 4. Batteries & Cells

• Difference between cell and battery
• Primary & Secondary cells
• Working of a battery
• Battery characteristics
• Li-ion, Ni-Cd, Lead-acid batteries
• Charging methods

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🟦 5. Magnetism & Electromagnetism

• Magnetic field
• Electromagnet
• Faraday’s Laws
• Induced EMF
• Fleming’s Left-hand & Right-hand Rule

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🟦 6. Electrical Machines (Very Important Chapter)

AC Machines

• AC Generator
• Induction Motor (Single-phase & Three-phase)
• Synchronous Motor
• Alternator

DC Machines

• DC Generator
• DC Motors (Series, Shunt, Compound)
• Applications & Speed Control

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🟦 7. Transformers

• What is a transformer?
• Working principle
• EMF equation
• Types: Step-up, Step-down, Auto-transformer
• Losses
• Efficiency
• Cooling methods

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🟦 8. Electrical Wiring & Installation

• Wiring systems (House & Industrial)
• Switchboard wiring
• Light, Fan, Socket connections
• Earthing systems
• Cable types
• Conduit wiring

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🟦 9. Power System Basics

• Power generation (Thermal, Hydro, Solar, Wind)
• Transmission (HT & LT)
• Distribution system
• Substation components
• Feeder, Transformer, Busbar

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🟦 10. Control System Basics

• Control circuits
• Sensors
• Feedback
• PLC basics (optional but very useful)

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🟦 11. Electrical Safety

• Electric shock
• First aid
• PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
• Safety rules
• Importance of earthing
• Lockout–Tagout (LOTO)

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🟦 12. Electronics Basics (Essential for Electrical Students)

• Diode
• Rectifier
• Transistor
• SCR, TRIAC
• LED, Capacitor, Resistor
• Basic power supplies

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🔧 13. Practical Topics Students Must Learn

• Correct use of a Multimeter
• House wiring practicals
• Motor starter wiring (DOL, Star–Delta)
• Transformer testing
• Earthing resistance measurement
• Battery charging
• Soldering work
• Basic panel wiring

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🎓 14. Advanced Topics (For Diploma / B.Tech Students)

• Power factor & its improvement
• Load calculations
• Protection systems (Relay, MCB, ACB, VCB)
• Three-phase systems
• Harmonics
• Basics of electrical design

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🌟 Final Summary (Short List for Students)

Every electrical student must master these key areas:

• Basic electrical concepts
• Wiring & installation
• Electrical machines
• Transformers
• Electrical measurements
• Safety
• Batteries
• Power systems
• Electronics fundamentals
• Practical lab skills